Extrinsic Regulation of Blood Pressure

Increased Sympathetic activity long term means that:

• there is an increased cardiac output
• which then leads to peripheral vasoconstriction (to protect capillaries)
• which causes a drop in blood flow: which triggers renin-aldosterone system

Baroreceptors: detect blood pressure. Are present in carotid arteries and aortic arch. Are stretch receptors in elastic tissue.

An increase in pressure causes a decrease in sympathetic activity as baroreceptors activated.

Volume sensed by atrial volume receptors. Decrease in volume → increase in ADH which helps conserve water.

A decrease in O2 or increase in CO2 increases chemoreceptor activity → increases sympathetic activity.

Juxtaglomerular apparatus in glomerular cells in kidney detect blood flow. ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM

Aldosterone increases vascular sensitivity to angiotensin II. (positive feedback loop)

CAD (coronary artery disease) Lecture

Epidemiology: 1 death every 8min. 63,000 every year.

• CAD Stages